Don’t be late! These are the risks of filing an unfair dismissal application out of time.

If you are terminated from your employment, you will only have 21 days from the date the dismissal takes effect to file an unfair dismissal of general protections application with the Fair Work Commission.


The Fair Work Commission is notoriously strict with its application filing deadlines and will only extend the time for lodgement in exceptional circumstances.


In the matter of Langtry and Mitolo Group Pty Ltd, the applicant filed his application seven weeks’ out of time. Mr Langtry’s explanation for his late lodgement was that he was unaware of the existence of the unfair dismissal jurisdiction within the Fair Work Commission and it was not until discussing the matter with a family matter that he learned he could make such an application. As we all know, ignorance of the law is no excuse and in Langtry and Mitolo Group Pty Ltd, the application was not allowed to be filed out of time.


The 21 day lodgement period is calculated on calendar days, rather than business days, so if you feel you have been unfairly terminated, act quickly!


Contact the Workplace Relations team at Nevett Ford on (03) 9614 7111 to ensure you are fully aware of your rights and entitlements. 

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The importance of hospitality venues getting proper advice about pay obligations

It is most important that employers make sure they understand what wages they need to pay their employees, including penalty rates and payments for public holidays.

This issue has recently been highlighted with a restaurant chain being obliged to reimburse staff $21,700.00 for underpaying employees for their Christmas day entitlements.

Many underpayments are inadvertent but it is important to ensure that restaurants comply with their minimum obligations under the Australian Workplace laws.

Employees who wish to ensure they comply with their workplace obligations should not hesitate to contact the Workplace Relations department of Nevett Ford Lawyers.

Nevett Ford Lawyers provide advice on all aspects of Employment Law.

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Sticks and stones may break bones but names can get you sacked

Many employers have policies or codes of practice to govern the relationships between employees.

Employees who abuse their colleagues or gossip about them can face dismissal as a sanction because what they say is a breach of the employer’s polices or codes.

The Fair Work Commission recently heard two unfair dismissal applications that related to misconduct based on what employees said.

In Sayers v CUB Pty Ltd [2016] FWC 3428, the Commission found that a dismissal based on an employee swearing and racially abusing a colleague was justified.

In Beamish v Calvary Health Care Tasmania Ltd [2016] FWC 1816 the Commission found that a dismissal based on emails gossiping about or disparaging a manager was not justified although the emails showed a lack of judgment.

In both cases the Commission found that what Mr Sayers and Ms Beamish said were breaches of their respective employer’s policies or codes on how to behave towards others.

The language Mr Sayers was found to have used was threatening, racially motivated and littered with four letter words.

Mr Sayers knew what the correct procedure was for complaining about a colleague: racially abusing him was not the way to go.

Fifteen years of unblemished service with CUB and an otherwise good relationship with management did not help Mr Sayers.

The Commission, like CUB, showed no tolerance for racial abuse and the dismissal was upheld.

Ms Beamish had been sarcastic and disparaging in her comments about a manager. Some of what she said was funny – but at the manager’s expense.

Although not abusive or racially motivated what she said was still contrary to Calvary’s values distilled in its code of conduct as “hospitality, healing, stewardship and respect”.

Ms Beamish apologised at the first opportunity and recognised her behaviour as immature and inappropriate.

The Commission was prepared to reinstate her because it was satisfied she would be “welcome back by the overwhelming majority of employees”.

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Lost your licence? Lose your job

If an employee loses his driver licence where driving is a part of his work, he can be fairly dismissed for misconduct. This much is demonstrated by the decision in Zeiter v Melway Bin Hire and Demolition Pty Ltd [2016] FWC 2823.

Mr Zeiter was stopped by police for using a mobile phone while driving. During the stop the police notified Mr Zeiter that his licence had been suspended for a period of three months.

When Mr Zeiter told his employer about the difficulties with his driver licence the employer effectively terminated him but did not tell him for nearly a month afterwards.

At the hearing of the application the employer argued that Mr Zeiter’s failure to maintain a driver licence was a frustration of the employment contract so that there was no dismissal, as opposed to a breach of the employment contract for which there could be a dismissal.

Commissioner Ryan thought the better analysis was that of breach of contract.

He found that the employer had not acted in a procedurally fair way towards Mr Zeiter but that the shortcomings were not sufficient to find that the dismissal had been harsh or unjust or unreasonable.

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Reinstatement is the primary remedy

Under the Fair Work Act 2009 the primary remedy for an unfair dismissal is reinstatement of the employee to employment.

Yet even where reinstatement is sought, the Fair Work Commission does not often order it.

One reason seems to be that employers consistently argue that reinstatement is simply not viable because the trust and confidence necessary for a continuing employment relationship has been broken.

The decision in Singh v Metro Trains Melbourne Pty Ltd [2016] FWC 2291 demonstrates the circumstances in which the Commission will order reinstatement.

Ms Singh was a station assistant who was dismissed for the alleged theft of lost property.

The Commission found Metro’s investigation flawed and that short of stealing the lost property Ms Singh had dealt with it in breach Metro’s lost property policy.

Ms Singh had an impeccable work record over 10 years of service and maintained her right to be reinstated as the proper remedy for her dismissal.

Although she had applied for other jobs after she was dismissed she had not been successful in obtaining any.

What influenced the Commission in ordering reinstatement were two factors:

1. Distrust of an employee by the employer cannot of itself be a sufficient reason to decline reinstatement, otherwise no employee would ever be reinstated where the employer believed or suspected the employee had engaged in misconduct.
   
2. Metro was a large employer and there were many roles within it that Ms Singh could perform at different locations so that the element of trust and confidence was of diminished importance.

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Gun mistake not grounds for summary dismissal

An Australian champion clay shooter, who had Senator David Leyonhjelm as his support person at the meeting to discuss his future employment was found to have been fairly dismissed but entitled to notice: Waters v Goodyear Australia Pty Limited [2016] FWC 1991.

Mr Waters breached a number of his employers’ policies when he acquiesced in a person whom he was mentoring in clay shooting bringing a gun into the vicinity of his workplace.

After a comprehensive investigation, the employer found that Mr Waters’ actions constituted serious misconduct.

Whilst Commissioner Cambridge agreed that Mr Waters had breached the trust and confidence inherent in the employment relationship to a degree to warrant dismissal he was not satisfied that Mr Waters had set out deliberately to do so in the incident giving rise to his dismissal.

As his employment contract provided for four weeks notice, Mr Waters was awarded compensation for that period.

The case also suggests that the way in which a support person acts at a meeting can affect a finding on the degree to which the employment relationship has broken down and cannot be retrieved.

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Don't wait until it's too late!

If you have been dismissed from your employment, you only have 21 days from the day your dismissal takes effect to file an unfair dismissal or general protections application with the Fair Work Commission.

 

The Commission will accept out-of-time applications only in exceptional circumstances and these can be difficult to prove. In the recent case of Martin v LJ Hooker Colleroy, the Applicant filed his application nine days past the lodgement date. He provided several different reasons all contributing to his late filing time, including:

 

• The pressure he suffered at work while employed;
• The time consumed searching for alternate employment;
• Needing to care for his ill father;
• Spending time with his wife and children;
• The difficulty of meeting with and engaging a lawyer;
• The time taken calculating his claim and back pay entitlements; and
• The interruption of the Easter holidays.

None of these reasons were accepted, even collectively, as falling within the definition of 'exceptional circumstances' as required under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth).

 

As a result, the application was rejected by the Fair Work Commission and the applicant was denied the opportunity to have his matter heard and dealt with on its merits.

 

Don't make the same mistake - make sure you file your application within 21 days of your dismissal taking effect! Contact the Workplace Relations team at Nevett Ford on 9614 7111 to ensure your application is drafted and filed quickly, efficiently and always before the due date!

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